Google algorithms.

Google’s search engine algorithms have evolved significantly since its inception. Here’s a detailed list of major and minor updates:

Major Algorithm Updates

1. Panda (2011)
   • Purpose: Targets low-quality content, thin content, and content farms.
   • Impact: Affected 12% of search results upon release.
   • Updates: Periodic data refreshes.
2. Penguin (2012)
   • Purpose: Targets spammy links and manipulative link-building practices.
   • Impact: Affected 3.1% of search queries.
   • Updates: Several updates and a significant real-time component in 2016 (Penguin 4.0).
3. Hummingbird (2013)
   • Purpose: Improved understanding of search queries, including semantic search and conversational queries.
   • Impact: Affected 90% of searches.
   • Updates: Continual refinements without specific version updates.
4. Pigeon (2014)
   • Purpose: Enhanced local search results by tying local algorithm more closely to core algorithm.
   • Impact: Significant changes to local search results.
   • Updates: Ongoing updates.
5. Mobilegeddon (2015)
   • Purpose: Boosts the ranking of mobile-friendly pages on mobile search results.
   • Impact: Affected mobile search results.
   • Updates: Expanded in 2016.
6. RankBrain (2015)
   • Purpose: Machine learning AI that helps Google process search results and understand search queries.
   • Impact: Became the third most important ranking factor.
   • Updates: Continually refined.
7. Possum (2016)
   • Purpose: Improved local search results to ensure diversity.
   • Impact: Affected local search results.
   • Updates: Ongoing refinements.
8. Fred (2017)
   • Purpose: Targets websites violating Google’s webmaster guidelines, often ad-heavy or low-quality content.
   • Impact: Affected a range of low-quality sites.
   • Updates: Not officially confirmed by Google.
9. Medic (2018)
   • Purpose: Significant core algorithm update impacting medical, health, and YMYL (Your Money Your Life) sites.
   • Impact: Major impact on health and medical-related searches.
   • Updates: Ongoing core updates.
10. BERT (2019)
    • Purpose: Uses natural language processing to better understand the context of words in search queries.
    • Impact: Affected 10% of searches.
    • Updates: Continual improvements in NLP.

Minor and Other Significant Updates

1. Caffeine (2010)
   • Purpose: Web indexing system that allowed Google to crawl and store data more efficiently.
   • Impact: Improved freshness of search results.
   • Updates: Major infrastructure change rather than an algorithm update.
2. Pirate (2012)
   • Purpose: Targets sites with high volumes of copyright infringement.
   • Impact: Demoted sites with DMCA takedown requests.
   • Updates: Periodic updates.
3. Exact Match Domain (EMD) (2012)
   • Purpose: Targets low-quality exact match domains.
   • Impact: Reduced the benefit of exact match domains in rankings.
   • Updates: Ongoing.
4. Mobile Speed Update (2018)
   • Purpose: Makes page speed a ranking factor for mobile searches.
   • Impact: Affected mobile search results.
   • Updates: Continual improvements in speed metrics.
5. Google Core Updates
   • Purpose: Broad core updates to improve search quality.
   • Impact: Regular, significant changes to search rankings.
   • Notable Updates: March 2019, June 2019, September 2019, January 2020, May 2020, December 2020, June 2021, July 2021, November 2021, May 2022, September 2022, December 2022, March 2023.

Ongoing and Future Developments

• Page Experience Update (2021)
  • Purpose: Evaluates Core Web Vitals as part of ranking criteria.
  • Impact: Focus on user experience metrics like loading, interactivity, and visual stability.
  • Updates: Gradual rollout and refinements.
• Helpful Content Update (2022)
  • Purpose: Rewards content designed to be helpful and informative for users rather than for search engines.
  • Impact: Aims to elevate content that provides real value to users.
  • Updates: Continual improvements.
• Spam Updates
  • Purpose: Targets spammy behaviors and improves Google’s ability to detect and demote spam.
  • Notable Updates: November 2021, October 2022, April 2023.
  • Updates: Regular updates to combat evolving spam tactics.

These updates reflect Google’s ongoing commitment to improving search quality and user experience. Each update aims to address specific issues within the search ecosystem, ensuring that users receive the most relevant, high-quality results.