Whales are some of the most majestic and largest creatures on Earth, and they play a vital role in marine ecosystems. Here’s a primer on whales:

1. Basic Information

2. Types of Whales

3. Anatomy

4. Diet

5. Communication

6. Migration

Many whale species undertake long migrations between feeding grounds in cold waters and breeding grounds in warmer waters. The gray whale, for instance, migrates up to 12,000 miles annually, one of the longest migrations of any mammal.

7. Reproduction

8. Social Behavior

9. Threats

10. Conservation Status

11. Whales and Ecosystems

Whales are known as “ecosystem engineers” because they contribute to the health of marine environments. When whales dive deep and return to the surface to breathe, they bring nutrients from the ocean depths that support plankton growth, which forms the base of the marine food chain. Whale carcasses, or “whale falls,” also provide a unique habitat for deep-sea creatures.

12. Cultural Significance

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